On this day of the year 89 A.M. (373 A.D.) the great Pope Anba Athanasius the apostolic, the 20th Pope of Alexandria, departed.
He was born to pagan parents about the year 295 - 298 A.D. It happened that when he was in school, he saw some Christian children
acting the Christian rituals — some as priests, some as deacons and one of them as a bishop. He asked their permission to participate
with them, but they refused saying: You are pagan, and you are not allowed to mix with us.
He answered them: I am from now
on a Christian.
They rejoiced with him, made him a patriarch over them in the play, enthroned him on a high place, and offered
him honor and respect. At that time Pope Alexandros passed by, when he saw them, he said to those who were with him about Athanasius:
This child would be in a great position one day.
When Athanasius' father died, his mother brought him to Pope Alexandros, who taught them the principles of the Christian faith and baptized them. They gave their money to the poor, and stayed with the Pope, who taught Athanasius the church subjects, and ordained him deacon and made him a personal secretary. The gifts of the Holy Spirit increased in him. He was chosen Patriarch on the 8th of Bashans of the year 44 A.M. (May 5th, 328 A.D.) after the departure of Pope Alexanderos.
Pope Alexanderos had recommended Athanasius, his deacon, for the Papacy, who lived with St. Antonios the father of the monks and
followed his example in asceticism. He manifested his brilliance in exposing Arius in the universal council. When Arius said about
Christ that he was similar
in essence with the Father, St. Athanasius said: One in essence with the Father.
In this
fashion he manifested his excellence.
St. Athanasius hid himself in the mountains, after the departure of Pope Alexanderos, for he believed himself unworthy of this serious
and important position. The people sought him until they found him, and brought him to the bishops, and he was ordained Pope in 328 A.D.
The historian Socrates testified about him saying: Athanasius’ fluency in speech and his outspokenness in the council of Nicea brought
over him all the hardships that he encountered in his life.
After he became a Pope, he ordained for Ethiopia its first Metropolitan, whose name was Anba Salama. The church of Ethiopia has followed the church of Alexandria since that time. The spiritual and religious state in Ethiopia had established and settled since that time.
Arius, after he had been excommunicated, tried to return to Alexandria by sending a misleading and flattering letter to Emperor Constantine, which touched him. The Emperor asked Pope Athanasius to take him back. Athanasius refused to accept him because that would contradict the decision of the Universal Council.
The Arians accused Pope Athanasius with these charges:
The Pope cleared himself from the first charge. A council was assembled in Tyre, most of the attendants were Arians, against Athanasius to look into these charges. In the second charge, the Lord moved the priest Eskira's heart, who had conspired with them to testify falsely against him, and he cleared the Pope from that charge.
They also brought a man’s arm and claimed that it was the arm of bishop Arsanius. However, Arsanius was found whole and sound, and they
did not know what to do. Athanasius took Arsanius with him to the council, and showed them that he was alive. Then he showed them that
Arsanius had both his arms, and by this he cleared himself of that charge. As for the rape accusation, a woman testified against him falsely.
When she claimed that he came to her, committed adultery with her, and she conceived by him, a righteous priest called Timotheos said to her:
What are you saying, O woman? Do you know this man? Was it this man who defiled you?
She said: Yes, it was him.
Timotheos
answered: But this is Athanasius the Pope.
She was ashamed, realized that she was testifying falsely, and confessed that she had
been bribed.
The Arians devised another plan. They accused Athanasius before the Emperor Constantine of preventing the export of wheat from Alexandria to the king. The Emperor became angry and exiled Athanasius to Trier in Germany in 335 A.D., where he stayed until the death of Constantine in 337 A.D.
When Constantine II became Emperor, he released St. Athanasius and restored him to his throne. But after Constantine’s death, Constantius, the Emperor of the East, supported the Arians. They plotted against Athanasius again. They falsely accused him, and the Emperor ordered him exiled to Rome in 339 A.D. Pope Julius I received him with great honor, and supported him against the Arians.
After a while, Constans, Emperor of the West, and Constantius, Emperor of the East, agreed to call a council in Sardica in 343 A.D. Athanasius went there and was acquitted. He returned to Alexandria in 346 A.D., but the Arians did not rest. They incited Constantius again, who ordered his arrest. Athanasius fled into the wilderness and remained hidden for six years, ministered to by the monks of the desert.
After Constantius died, Julian the Apostate became Emperor in 361 A.D. At first, he allowed Athanasius to return. But soon, Julian began to persecute Christians, and since Athanasius was their champion, he ordered his exile again in 362 A.D. Athanasius fled and hid in the tombs. Julian died in 363 A.D., and Jovian succeeded him. Jovian, a Christian Emperor, restored Athanasius once again.
When Valens became Emperor in 364 A.D., he also supported the Arians. They plotted against Athanasius, and Valens ordered his exile. The people of Alexandria rose up in protest, so Valens rescinded his order after only a few months, and Athanasius returned to his flock. This was his last exile.
Although Athanasius reached the age of 72, he did not compromise in performing his duties. For his steadfastness and his firm stand for
justice, the world described him by the saying: Athanasius against the world.
He wrote several books about the Arians, on the Incarnation, and other subjects. Abba Cosma (the 44th Patriarch) praised these publications
by saying: I ask anyone who would find the books of Athanasius to write them on paper, and for those who could not find paper, to write
them on their clothes.
Athanasius was the first Pope to wear the monastic tunic from the hand of St. Antonios. He made it the uniform for bishops and patriarchs. He was the one who ordained St. Antonios a priest, and then Archpriest.
He departed in peace after he had been on the Apostolic Throne for forty-five years. May his prayers be with us, and glory be to God forever. Amen.